The classification of high-end metal materials

New metal materials can be divided into high-performance metal structure materials and metal functional materials according to their function and application field. High-performance metal structural materials refer to new metal materials with higher high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high ductility and other characteristics compared with traditional structural materials, mainly including titanium, magnesium, zirconium and its alloys, tantalum and niobium, hard materials, as well as high-end special steel, aluminum new materials, etc. Metal functional materials refer to materials that assist in the realization of optical, electrical, magnetic or other special functions, including magnetic materials, metal energy materials, catalytic purification materials, information materials, superconducting materials, functional ceramic materials, etc.
Compared with other materials, rare earth has excellent physical properties such as light, electricity, magnetism, catalysis, etc., and the application in emerging fields has grown rapidly in recent years, of which permanent magnet materials are the most important component of rare earth applications, and permanent magnet materials accounted for 57% of the total consumption of rare earth new materials in 2009. Driven by the national emerging industrial policy, new energy vehicles, wind power generation, energy-saving home appliances and other fields will drive the explosive growth in demand for rare earth permanent magnet materials NdFeB magnets.
From the perspective of the development trend of new materials in the world, the production of steel materials and non-ferrous metal materials has been developing in the direction of short process, high efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction, cleanliness, high performance and multi-function. The main function of structural materials is to carry loads (such as trains, cars, aircraft). Automotive steel has developed from general steel to the use of high-strength alloy steel, aluminum alloy or special high-strength Mg-based alloy in recent years, high-strength Ti alloy has an important position in high-strength steel, and stainless steel has a tendency to replace carbon steel. Al alloys and general steels used in military aircraft are replaced by advanced Ti alloys and polymer matrix composites. Further development of carbon fiber reinforced composites or Al matrix composites is needed. The main body of the structural material is:
1,Steel
Iron and steel materials, especially high-quality steels with multiphase structures and complex compositions, have important application prospects and potential advantages, and corresponding basic research needs to be carried out. Linking micro- and nanotechnology nanolayer structures, structures, grain boundaries and interfaces can be seen as important ways to improve steel materials.
2,Aluminum alloy
Aluminum-based materials and the corresponding precipitation hardening effect lead to the emergence of high-strength aluminum alloys, and the related technical processes have been developed into "precipitation science", which involves the matching of crystal structure between "phases" and the stability of alloys, especially the stability of aging alloys directly affects aviation or space applications, so it can be regarded as an important issue in the basic research of Al alloys.
3,Magnesium alloy
Magnesium and magnesium alloys are widely used in metallurgy, automotive, motorcycle, aerospace, optical instruments, computers, electronics and communication, electric, wind tools and medical instruments and other fields.Magnesium alloy is the lightest engineering structural material, with its excellent thermal conductivity, vibration damping, recyclability, anti-electromagnetic interference and excellent shielding performance, etc., known as a new "green engineering material", the 21st century "era metal".
4,Titanium alloy
Titanium alloy has an important position in the development of military or civil aviation industry, and the problem of multiphase nanoscale layered microstructure is of great significance to the characteristics of high-strength Ti-based alloys, which will become a key factor in the design of new Ti-based alloys.