Performance analysis and main application areas of titanium alloy forgings and titanium alloy castings

Performance analysis and main application areas of titanium alloy forgings and titanium alloy castings
After the metal is forged, its organizational structure and mechanical properties can be improved.After the casting tissue is deformed by the thermal processing of the forging method, due to the deformation and recrystalization of the metal, the original coarse dendrites and columnar grains become isometric recrystal tissues with finer grains and uniform size, so that the original segregation, looseness, pores, slag, etc. in the steel ingot are compacted and welded, and its organization becomes tighter, improving the plasticity and mechanical properties of the metal.

Generally speaking, the mechanical properties of castings are lower than those of forgings of the same material.In addition, forging can ensure the continuity of the metal fibrous tissue, so that the fibrous tissue of the forgings is consistent with the shape of the forgings, and the metal streamline is complete, which can ensure that the parts have good mechanical properties and long service life. Forgings produced by precision die forging, cold extrusion, warm extrusion and other processes are unmatched by castings.

1. Aircraft forgings

By weight, about 85% of the components on the aircraft are forgings.The turbine disc of an aircraft engine, the rear journal (hollow shaft), the blades, the spars of the wing, the ribs of the fuselage, the wheel brackets, the inner and outer cylinders of the landing gear, etc. are all important forgings related to aircraft safety.Aircraft forgings are mostly made of high-strength, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys and other precious materials.In order to save materials and energy, most of the forgings for aircraft are produced by die forging or multi-directional die forging presses.Automobile forgings are calculated by weight, and there are 1719% of forgings on automobiles.A general automobile consists of 15 components such as the body, trunk, engine, front axle, rear axle, frame, gearbox, drive shaft, steering system, etc. Automobile forgings are characterized by complex shape, light weight, poor working conditions, and high safety requirements.Such as the crankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft used in automobile engines, the front beam required for the front axle, the steering knuckle, the axle used in the rear axle, the axle casing, the transmission gear in the axle box, etc., are all key forgings related to the safe operation of automobiles.

2. Diesel engine forgings

A diesel engine is a kind of power machinery, and it is commonly used as an engine.Taking large diesel engines as an example, there are more than ten kinds of forgings used in cylinder heads, main shaft journals, crankshaft end flange output end shafts, connecting rods, piston rods, piston heads, cross-head pins, crankshaft transmission gears, ring gears, intermediate gears, and oil pump bodies.

3. Marine forgings

Marine forgings are divided into three categories, main engine forgings, shaft system forgings and rudder system forgings.The main engine forgings are the same as the diesel engine forgings.Shaft forgings include thrust shafts, intermediate shafts, stern shafts, etc.The forgings of the rudder system include rudder rods, rudder posts, rudder pins, etc.

4. Weapon forgings

Forgings occupy an extremely important position in the weapons industry.By weight, 60% of the tanks are forgings.The barrel, muzzle retractor and tail of the gun in artillery, the rifled barrel and triangular bayonet in infantry weapons, rocket and submarine depth charge launchers and fixed seats, stainless steel valve bodies for high-pressure coolers for nuclear submarines, cannonballs, bullets, etc. are all forged products.In addition to steel forgings, other materials are also used to make weapons.

5. Petrochemical forgings

Forgings are widely used in petrochemical equipment.Such as the manholes and flanges of spherical storage tanks, various pipe plates required for heat exchangers, butt welding flanges, the whole forged cylinder (pressure vessel) of the catalytic cracking reactor, the cylinder joints used in the hydrogenation reactor, and the top cover, bottom cover, and head required for fertilizer equipment are all forged parts.